介系詞英文【Preposition 全攻略】— 定義,分類,用法與例句大全

介系詞英文怎麼用?為什麼 at,in,on 總是搞混?介系詞英文(Preposition)是連接句子中名詞,代名詞與其他詞彙的關鍵詞類,主要用於表達時間,地點,方向,方式等關係。許多英文學習者在使用介系詞時常感到困惑,特別是面對「介系詞後面加什麼」,「如何分辨 to 是不是介系詞」等問題時更是不知所措。

想像一下,如果句子中沒有介系詞,我們就無法清楚說明「書在桌上」,「會議在星期一」或「搭捷運上班」這些日常表達。介系詞英文雖然字數短小,卻是讓英文句子完整,精確的重要螺絲釘。根據統計,英文中約有 150 個介系詞,但掌握最常用的 70 個就能應付大部分溝通情境。

本文由 PREPEDU 專業教學團隊撰寫,將為你完整解析介系詞的六大分類(時間,地點,方向,方式,原因,關係),60+ 個必學介系詞片語,常見易錯點,以及 30 道練習題含詳解。無論你是準備 TOEIC,IELTS 考試,或想提升日常英文溝通能力,這篇介系詞英文全攻略都能幫助你建立完整,系統化的學習架構。

介系詞英文
介系詞英文
  1. I. 介系詞是什麼?(Preposition 是什麼?)
    1. 1. 介系詞英文意思與定義
    2. 2. 介系詞的功能與位置
  2. II. 介系詞英文核心規則:介系詞後面加什麼?
    1. 1. 名詞(Noun)或名詞片語(Noun Phrase)
    2. 2. 代名詞(Pronoun)- 必須用受格
    3. 3. 動名詞(Gerund - V-ing)
  3. III. 英文介系詞用法:最常見的分類方式
    1. 1. 時間介系詞英文(Prepositions of Time)
    2. 2. 地點介系詞(Prepositions of Place)
    3. 3. 英文日期介系詞(Prepositions for Dates)
    4. 4. 方向與移動介系詞(Prepositions of Direction & Movement)
    5. 5. 方式與工具介系詞英文(Prepositions of Manner & Instrument)
    6. 6. 原因與目的介系詞(Prepositions of Reason & Purpose)
    7. 7. 關係與所屬介系詞(Prepositions of Relation & Origin)
  4. IV. 必學介系詞英文片語
    1. 1. 以 on 開頭的介系詞片語
    2. 2. 以 in 開頭的介系詞英文片語
    3. 3. 以 at 開頭的介系詞英文片語
    4. 4. 以 for 開頭的介系詞英文片語
    5. 5. 以 to 開頭的介系詞英文片語
    6. 6. 以 of 開頭的介系詞英文片語
    7. 7. 以 about 開頭的介系詞英文片語
    8. 8. 以 with 開頭的介系詞英文片語
  5. V. 學習難點解析:如何分辨 to 是不是介系詞英文?
    1. 1. 不定詞 to vs. 介系詞 to 完整比較
    2. 2. 常見使用「介系詞 to」的片語清單
    3. 2. 判斷技巧與方法
  6. VI. 介系詞練習題與解析
    1. 1. 選擇題練習
    2. 2. 填空題練習
    3. 3. 動名詞與介系詞結合練習
  7. VII. 介系詞英文常見問題 (FAQ)
    1. 1. 介系詞英文縮寫是什麼?
    2. 2. 英文介系詞有哪些?總共有多少?(Preposition 有哪些英文?)
    3. 3. 句子最後可以是介系詞嗎?
    4. 4. at,on,in 怎麼區分?
  8. 結論

I. 介系詞是什麼?(Preposition 是什麼?)

1. 介系詞英文意思與定義

什麼是介系詞?介系詞英文稱為 Preposition,源自拉丁文 "praeponere",意思是「放置在前面」。簡單來說,介系詞是一種用來建立名詞或代名詞與句子中其他字詞之間關係的詞類。何謂介系詞的核心功能?它主要用於表達時間,地點,方向,方法,原因等概念,幫助我們清楚描述事物之間的相對位置或關聯性。

介系詞意思看似抽象,但其實就像是句子中的「連接器」或「橋樑」,讓不同元素能夠產生有意義的連結。學習介系詞英文時,你會發現它們雖然字數不多,但卻是不可或缺的語言成分。

範例說明:

  • The book is on the table.(書在桌子上。)→ 介系詞 "on" 說明了書本與桌子之間的位置關係

  • Xiaowang arrived at Taipei Main Station before noon.(小王在中午之前抵達台北車站。)→ 介系詞 "at" 說明地點,介系詞 "before" 說明時間

2. 介系詞的功能與位置

介系詞英文在句子中扮演著關鍵角色,其主要功能與位置特點如下:

主要功能:

  • 表示時間關係:說明事件發生的時間點或期間(at 5 p.m.,in March,on Monday)

  • 表示空間位置:描述物體或人所在的地點(in Taipei,on the wall,at the airport)

  • 表示移動方向:指出動作進行的方向(to Taichung,into the room,toward the exit)

  • 表示方法工具:說明完成動作所使用的方式或工具(by train,with a pen)

  • 表示原因目的:解釋行為背後的理由或意圖(for health,because of rain)

  • 表示所屬關係:顯示事物之間的歸屬或關聯(a friend of mine,the capital of Taiwan)

句中位置特點:

  • 通常位於名詞或代名詞之前

  • 與其後的受詞共同形成介系詞片語(Prepositional Phrase)

  • 在句子中作為修飾語,補充說明其他字詞

  • 可以出現在句首,句中或句尾

實用範例:Minghua works in Taipei and commutes by MRT every day.(明華在台北工作,每天搭捷運通勤。)→ "in Taipei" 說明工作地點,"by MRT" 說明交通方式

II. 介系詞英文核心規則:介系詞後面加什麼?

理解介系詞後面加什麼是掌握英文介系詞用法的關鍵。介系詞規則的核心觀念是:介系詞後面必須接「受詞」(Object),而這個受詞可以是三種形式之一。這個規則在所有介系詞英文的應用中都必須遵守。

1. 名詞(Noun)或名詞片語(Noun Phrase)

介系詞英文最常見的搭配方式是接續英文名詞或名詞片語。名詞片語可以是單一名詞,也可以包含修飾語,形成更複雜的結構。範例:

  • Lina is listening to classical music in her room.(麗娜正在房間裡聽古典音樂。)

  • Daming went to the park with his best friend from Kaohsiung.(大明和他來自高雄的好朋友一起去公園。)

  • Chen Wei left the office after the important business meeting.(陳偉在重要的商務會議後離開辦公室。)

  • The restaurant near Taipei 101 serves excellent dumplings.(台北 101 附近的那家餐廳供應很棒的水餃。)

2. 代名詞(Pronoun)- 必須用受格

當介系詞英文後面要接代名詞時,必須使用受格形式 (me,him,her,us,them),而非主格 (I,he,she,we,they)。這是許多學習者容易犯錯的地方。範例:

  • Please talk to him about the project.(請跟他談談這個專案。)

  • This birthday gift is for her, not for me.(這個生日禮物是給她的,不是給我的。)

  • Come shopping with us this weekend.(這個週末跟我們一起去購物。)

  • The teacher explained the grammar rules to them patiently.(老師耐心地向他們解釋文法規則。)

記憶技巧:如果介系詞後面可以放人名(如 "talk to John"),那就要用代名詞的受格(talk to him)。

3. 動名詞(Gerund - V-ing)

當介系詞英文後面需要接續一個「動作」時,該動詞必須轉換成動名詞形式 (V-ing)。這個介系詞規則非常重要,也是考試中的常見考點。

範例:

  • Xiaoling is good at playing the piano and violin.(小玲擅長彈鋼琴和小提琴。)

  • James succeeded by working hard every single day.(James 透過每天努力工作而成功。)

  • Thank you for helping me move to my new apartment.(謝謝你幫我搬到新公寓。)

  • Chen is interested in learning Japanese culture.(小陳對學習日本文化感興趣。)

  • After finishing dinner, we went for a walk in Daan Park.(吃完晚餐後,我們去大安森林公園散步。)

重要提醒:記住這個介系詞規則:介系詞 + 動詞 = 介系詞 + V-ing(永遠不會是原形動詞)

介系詞後面加什麼?
介系詞後面加什麼?

III. 英文介系詞用法:最常見的分類方式

介系詞英文中數量眾多,約有 150 個不同的介系詞。掌握分類方式能幫助你更有系統地學習和記憶。以下按功能將介系詞英文用法分為六大類別,每個類別都提供完整的介系詞清單和實用例句。

1. 時間介系詞英文(Prepositions of Time)

時間介系詞是日常使用頻率最高的介系詞英文類別。掌握時間介系詞能讓你準確表達事件發生的時間。

介系詞

使用時機與規則

實用例句

at

  • 具體時間點,時刻

  • 特定節日

  • 夜晚 (at night)

  • 正午/午夜

  • Xiaoming has a meeting at 3:30 p.m.(小明下午三點半有會議。)

  • The store opens at sunrise.(商店在日出時開門。)

  • We celebrate at Christmas.(我們在聖誕節慶祝。)

  • Many people in Taipei are still awake at midnight.(許多台北人在午夜仍然醒著。)

on

  • 特定日期

  • 星期幾

  • 特殊日子

  • 星期+時段

  • The conference is on Monday.(會議在星期一。)

  • Taiwan's National Day is on October 10th.(台灣國慶日在十月十日。)

  • Wendy was born on January 15th,1995.(溫蒂生於 1995 年一月十五日。)

  • Let's have brunch on Sunday morning.(我們星期天早上吃早午餐吧。)

in

  • 月份

  • 季節

  • 年份

  • 世紀

  • 較長時段

  • 早上/下午/晚上

  • Cherry blossoms bloom in spring.(櫻花在春天盛開。)

  • Taiwan joined the WTO in 2002.(台灣在 2002 年加入 WTO。)

  • Taipei 101 was the world's tallest building in the 21st century.(台北 101 在 21 世紀曾是世界最高建築。)

  • David goes jogging in the morning.(David 在早上慢跑。)

during

  • 在...期間

  • 強調持續性

  • Please stay focused during the exam.(請在考試期間保持專注。)

  • Many tourists visit Alishan during the cherry blossom season.(許多遊客在櫻花季期間造訪阿里山。)

for

  • 持續時間長度

  • Yiling has lived in Tainan for five years.(怡玲已經在台南住了五年。)

  • The meeting lasted for three hours.(會議持續了三個小時。)

since

  • 從某時間點開始

  • 常用於完成式

  • Annie has worked at this company since 2018.(安妮自 2018 年起就在這家公司工作。)

  • We haven't seen each other since last Christmas.(我們自從上次聖誕節後就沒見過面。)

before

  • 在...之前

  • Please arrive before 9 a.m.(請在早上九點之前抵達。)

  • Finish your homework before dinner.(在晚餐前完成你的作業。)

after

  • 在...之後

  • Let's go for a walk after lunch.(午餐後我們去散步吧。)

  • Kevin moved to Hsinchu after graduation.(Kevin 畢業後搬到新竹。)

until / till

  • 直到...為止

  • The library is open until 10 p.m.(圖書館開放到晚上十點。)

  • Wait here until I come back.(在這裡等到我回來。)

by

  • 不晚於,在...之前

  • 強調期限

  • Submit your report by Friday.(在星期五之前提交你的報告。)

  • We need to reach Taoyuan Airport by 6 p.m.(我們需要在下午六點前抵達桃園機場。)

within

  • 在...時間內

  • The package will arrive within 24 hours.(包裹將在 24 小時內送達。)

  • Please reply within three business days.(請在三個工作天內回覆。)

from...to

  • 從...到...

  • 表示時間範圍

  • The office is open from Monday to Friday.(辦公室從星期一到星期五開放。)

  • The night market operates from 5 p.m. to 11 p.m.(夜市從下午五點營業到晚上十一點。)

2. 地點介系詞(Prepositions of Place)

英文位置介系詞用於描述物體或人所在的位置關係,是介系詞英文中非常重要的一個類別。

介系詞

使用情境與規則

實用例句

at

  • 特定地點,小地方

  • 具體地址

  • 活動場所

  • Let's meet at the MRT station.(我們在捷運站見面。)

  • Xiaohui is waiting at the bus stop near Shilin Night Market.(小惠在士林夜市附近的公車站等候。)

  • The conference will be held at the Grand Hotel.(會議將在圓山大飯店舉行。)

on

  • 表面接觸

  • 樓層

  • 街道

  • The painting hangs on the wall.(畫掛在牆上。)

  • My office is on the fifth floor.(我的辦公室在五樓。)

  • There's a famous bubble tea shop on Yongkang Street.(永康街上有一家有名的珍珠奶茶店。)

in

  • 包圍性空間

  • 城市/國家

  • 建築物內部

  • Chen lives in Taichung.(小陳住在台中。)

  • The documents are in the drawer.(文件在抽屜裡。)

  • There are many tech companies in Neihu District.(內湖區有許多科技公司。)

above

  • 在...上方

  • 不接觸表面

  • 主詞通常靜止

  • The clock hangs above the door.(時鐘掛在門的上方。)

  • Taipei is located above sea level.(台北位於海平面之上。)

over

  • 在...上方

  • 覆蓋或越過

  • 主詞可移動

  • A plane flew over the Taipei skyline.(一架飛機飛越台北天際線。)

  • Put a blanket over the sofa.(在沙發上放一條毯子。)

below

  • 在...下方

  • 不接觸表面

  • 主詞通常靜止

  • The parking lot is below the building.(停車場在建築物下方。)

  • The temperature is below zero in the mountains.(山上溫度在零度以下。)

under

  • 在...下方

  • 可能接觸

  • 主詞可移動

  • The cat is hiding under the bed.(貓躲在床下。)

  • Xiaomei keeps her suitcase under the stairs.(小美把行李箱放在樓梯下。)

in front of

  • 在...前面

  • Park your scooter in front of the convenience store.(把你的機車停在便利商店前面。)

  • Daxiong stood in front of the National Palace Museum.(大雄站在故宮博物院前面。)

behind

  • 在...後面

  • The parking area is behind the restaurant.(停車區在餐廳後面。)

  • Someone is standing behind you.(有人站在你後面。)

near

  • 在...附近

  • 距離較遠

  • There's a bookstore near National Taiwan University.(台灣大學附近有一家書店。)

  • Xinying lives near Tamshui.(欣穎住在淡水附近。)

by / beside

  • 在...旁邊

  • 距離較近

  • Sit by the window and enjoy the view.(坐在窗邊欣賞風景。)

  • The pharmacy is right beside the hospital.(藥局就在醫院旁邊。)

next to

  • 緊鄰

  • 距離最近

  • The bubble tea shop is next to the bookstore.(珍珠奶茶店緊鄰書店。)

  • Please sit next to me in the meeting.(請在會議中坐我旁邊。)

between

  • 在兩者之間

  • 強調個體性

  • Taichung is located between Taipei and Kaohsiung.(台中位於台北和高雄之間。)

  • The agreement was signed between the two companies.(協議在兩家公司之間簽署。)

among

  • 在...之中

  • 三者以上

  • 強調整體性

  • Taiwan is among the top countries in tech innovation.(台灣是科技創新的頂尖國家之一。)

  • The issue was discussed among all team members.(這個議題在所有團隊成員間討論。)

inside

  • 在...內部

  • Wait inside the building.(在建築物內等候。)

  • Keep your valuables inside the locker.(把貴重物品放在置物櫃內。)

outside

  • 在...外面

  • Let's meet outside the cinema.(我們在電影院外面見面。)

  • Don't leave your bicycle outside overnight.(不要把腳踏車整夜放在外面。)

opposite

  • 在...對面

  • The 7-Eleven is opposite the post office.(7-Eleven 在郵局對面。)

  • Mingde sat opposite his manager at the meeting.(明德在會議中坐在他經理的對面。)

地點介系詞
地點介系詞

3. 英文日期介系詞(Prepositions for Dates)

英文日期介系詞主要用來說明「某件事情發生的日期、星期或具體時間點」,屬於時間介系詞(Prepositions of Time)的一部分。掌握日期介系詞的用法能幫助你在書寫或口說英文時更自然、準確地表達時間。最常用的日期介系詞有 at、on、in、by、before、after、from...to... 等。

介系詞

使用時機與規則

實用例句

on

用於「具體日期」與「星期幾」

  • The meeting will be held on Friday.(會議將在星期五舉行。)

  • Her birthday is on May 10th.(她的生日是五月十日。)

at

用於「具體時間點」

  • Let's meet at 7:30 p.m. on Friday.(我們星期五晚上七點半見面。)

  • The concert starts at noon on December 1st.(音樂會在十二月一日中午開始。)

in

用於「月份、季節、年份、較長時間」

  • The festival is held in October every year.(這個節日每年十月舉行。)

  • He was born in 1998.(他出生於1998年。)

by

表示「不晚於某日期」

  • Please submit your report by November 20th.(請在十一月二十日前提交報告。)

  • The project must be completed by Friday.(專案必須在星期五前完成。)

before

表示「在...之前」

  • We need to finish the task before Christmas.(我們需要在聖誕節前完成任務。)

  • Please pay the bill before the end of the month.(請在月底前付帳。)

after

表示「在...之後」

  • We’ll go hiking after the holiday.(假期過後我們要去爬山。)

  • The new rule was announced after New Year’s Day.(新規定在元旦後公布。)

from...to...

表示「從...到...的日期範圍」

  • The exhibition runs from March 1st to March 15th.(展覽從三月一日到三月十五日舉行。)

  • The shop is open from Monday to Saturday.(商店從星期一營業到星期六。)

4. 方向與移動介系詞(Prepositions of Direction & Movement)

這類介系詞英文描述移動的方向或路徑,對於表達動作的進行方向非常重要。

介系詞

意義與用法

實用例句

to

  • 朝向某處

  • 到達目的地

  • Yuxuan walks to school every morning.(宇軒每天早上走路去學校。)

  • The train is heading to Kaohsiung.(火車正開往高雄。)

into

  • 進入內部

  • 從外到內

  • Xiaojie walked into the conference room confidently.(小杰自信地走進會議室。)

  • Pour the tea into the cup.(把茶倒進杯子裡。)

onto

移動到表面上

  • The cat jumped onto the table.(貓跳上桌子。)

  • Place the books onto the shelf.(把書放到書架上。)

from

  • 來源起點

  • 離開

  • Huiwen commutes from Banqiao to Taipei daily.(惠文每天從板橋通勤到台北。)

  • This product is imported from Japan.(這個產品從日本進口。)

toward(s)

  • 朝向

  • 方向性

  • The crowd moved toward the exit.(人群朝出口移動。)

  • Wenling walked towards the MRT station quickly.(文玲快速地走向捷運站。)

across

  • 橫越,穿過

  • 從一邊到另一邊

  • We walked across the bridge to reach Taipei Main Station.(我們走過橋到達台北車站。)

  • Swim across the pool if you can.(如果你可以的話,游過這個泳池。)

through

  • 穿過內部

  • 通過空間

  • The highway goes through the mountain.(高速公路穿過山區。)

  • Zhiming drove through the tunnel carefully.(志明小心地開車穿過隧道。)

along

沿著

  • Walk along Zhongxiao East Road and you'll find the restaurant.(沿著忠孝東路走,你會找到那家餐廳。)

  • The bus route runs along the coast.(公車路線沿著海岸行駛。)

around

環繞,周圍

  • Let's walk around the park.(我們繞著公園走走吧。)

  • The tour guide showed us around the museum.(導覽員帶我們參觀博物館。)

up

向上

  • Climb up the stairs to the second floor.(爬樓梯到二樓。)

  • Xiaohua looked up at the sky.(小華抬頭看天空。)

down

向下

  • Roll down the hill slowly.(慢慢地滾下山坡。)

  • Go down the escalator to the basement.(搭手扶梯下到地下室。)

past

經過

  • Walk past the 7-Eleven and turn right.(經過 7-Eleven 然後右轉。)

  • The bus drove past our stop without stopping.(公車沒停直接開過我們的站。)

out of

從...出來

  • Liming came out of the building at 6 p.m.(李明在下午六點從大樓出來。)

  • Take your phone out of your pocket.(把手機從口袋拿出來。)

off

  • 離開表面

  • 下來

  • Get off the bus at the next stop.(在下一站下車。)

  • The picture fell off the wall.(畫從牆上掉下來。)

方向與移動介系詞
方向與移動介系詞

5. 方式與工具介系詞英文(Prepositions of Manner & Instrument)

用於說明完成動作的方法或使用的工具,這類介系詞英文在描述「如何」做某事時非常重要。

介系詞

使用情境

實用例句 

by

  • 交通工具

  • 方法,手段

  • 不加冠詞

  • Xiufen travels to work by MRT every day.(秀芬每天搭捷運上班。)

  • You can improve your English by practicing daily.(你可以透過每天練習來提升英文。)

  • Many people go to work by scooter in Taiwan.(許多台灣人騎機車上班。)

with

  • 使用工具

  • 身體部位

  • 需加冠詞

  • Cut the vegetables with a sharp knife.(用鋒利的刀子切蔬菜。)

  • Taiwanese people eat with chopsticks.(台灣人用筷子吃飯。)

  • Zhenghao fixed the computer with his technical skills.(正豪用他的技術技能修好了電腦。)

in

方式,風格

語言

  • Please speak in English during the meeting.(會議期間請說英文。)

  • The announcement was made in a formal manner.(這個公告以正式的方式發布。)

through

藉由,透過

  • Weiwei learned about Taiwanese culture through her host family.(薇薇透過她的寄宿家庭學習台灣文化。)

  • We communicated through video calls.(我們透過視訊通話溝通。)

on

  • 透過媒體

  • 使用設備

  • Watch the news on TV every evening.(每天晚上在電視上看新聞。)

  • Xiaolin reads manga on his tablet.(小林在平板上看漫畫。)

6. 原因與目的介系詞(Prepositions of Reason & Purpose)

說明行為的原因或目的,這類介系詞英文幫助我們理解「為什麼」做某事。

介系詞

用法說明

實用例句

for

  • 目的

  • 受益者

  • 理由

  • Shuhui studies hard for the TOEIC exam.(淑惠為了多益考試努力讀書。)

  • This scholarship is for outstanding students.(這個獎學金是給優秀學生的。)

  • Thank you for your help yesterday.(謝謝你昨天的幫助。)

  • Yating goes to the gym for better health.(雅婷為了更好的健康去健身房。)

because of

  • 因為(後接名詞)

  • The night market was closed because of the typhoon.(夜市因為颱風而關閉。)

  • Chenxi was late because of heavy traffic on Zhongshan Road.(晨曦因為中山路的交通擁擠而遲到。)

due to

  • 由於

  • 較正式

  • The flight was delayed due to bad weather.(航班因為天氣不好而延誤。)

  • The store closed early due to a power outage.(商店因為停電而提早關門。)

owing to

  • 因為

  • 很正式

  • The event was postponed owing to heavy rain.(活動因為大雨而延期。)

  • Many flights were canceled owing to strong winds.(許多航班因強風而取消。)

from

  • 原因(感受)

  • 來自

  • Mingxuan is tired from working overtime.(明軒因為加班而疲累。)

  • She suffers from allergies in spring.(她春天時為過敏所苦。)

of

原因(情緒)

  • Xiaoting died of a heart attack.(小婷死於心臟病發作。)

  • Be proud of your achievements.(為你的成就感到驕傲。)

out of

出自(動機)

  • He helped out of kindness.(他出於善意而幫忙。)

  • Jiawei asked out of curiosity.(嘉偉出於好奇而詢問。)

7. 關係與所屬介系詞(Prepositions of Relation & Origin)

表達事物之間的關係或來源,這是介系詞英文中描述連結性的重要類別。

介系詞

功能說明

實用例句

of

  • 所屬關係

  • 部分關係

  • 特徵

  • Taipei is the capital of Taiwan.(台北是台灣的首都。)

  • Xiaoxuan is a friend of mine from Tainan.(小萱是我一個來自台南的朋友。)

  • The price of bubble tea has increased.(珍珠奶茶的價格上漲了。)

  • Most of the students in this class are from Taipei.(這個班級的大多數學生來自台北。)

with

  • 伴隨

  • 具有特徵

  • Zhihua came to the party with her boyfriend.(芝華和她男朋友一起來派對。)

  • The woman with long black hair is my colleague.(那位長黑髮的女士是我同事。)

  • Are you satisfied with the service at this restaurant?(你對這家餐廳的服務滿意嗎?)

from

  • 來源

  • 起源

  • Wendy is from Hsinchu.(Wendy 來自新竹。)

  • This tea is imported from Nantou.(這個茶從南投進口。)

  • I received a package from my parents.(我收到來自父母的包裹。)

about

關於

  • Let's talk about the new project.(我們來談談新專案。)

  • Xiaojun wrote a blog post about night markets in Taiwan.(小君寫了一篇關於台灣夜市的部落格文章。)

on

關於(較正式,學術)

  • This book is on artificial intelligence.(這本書是關於人工智慧。)

  • Professor Lin gave a lecture on climate change.(林教授做了一場關於氣候變遷的演講。)

between

兩者關係

  • The relationship between Taiwan and Japan is strong.(台灣和日本之間的關係很強。)

  • What's the difference between these two products?(這兩個產品之間的差異是什麼?)

against

  • 反對

  • 對抗

  • Many people protested against the policy.(許多人抗議這項政策。)

  • The basketball team is playing against Taipei First High School.(籃球隊正在對抗台北一中。)

IV. 必學介系詞英文片語

介系詞片語是由「介系詞 + 其受詞」組成的固定結構,在句子中常扮演形容詞或副詞的角色。掌握常用的介系詞英文片語能讓你的英文表達更自然流暢,這些片語也是 TOEIC,GEPT,IELTS 等考試的高頻考點。

1. 以 on 開頭的介系詞片語

介系詞片語

意思

例句

depend on

依賴,取決於

  • Xiaowei depends on public transportation to get to work.(小薇依賴大眾運輸工具上班。)

  • Farmers in this region depend on the rainfall for their crops.(這個地區的農民依賴降雨來種植農作物。)

focus on

專注於

  • The company focuses on developing eco-friendly products.(公司專注於開發環保產品。)

  • The students need to focus on finishing their final project before the deadline.(學生們需要專注於在截止日期前完成期末專案。)

insist on

堅持

  • Minghua insists on paying for dinner tonight.(明華堅持今晚要付晚餐錢。)

  • She insists on following the traditional methods when baking bread.(她堅持在烤麵包時使用傳統方法。)

count on

依靠,指望

  • You can always count on me for help.(你隨時可以依靠我幫忙。)

  • We can count on the volunteers to organize the community event smoothly.(我們可以依靠志願者順利舉辦社區活動。)

work on

致力於

  • Zhiwei is working on his thesis about Taiwanese history.(志偉正在撰寫關於台灣歷史的論文。)

  • The team is working on a new app to help people track their daily habits.(團隊正在開發一個幫助人們追蹤日常習慣的新應用程式。)

based on

基於

  • The movie is based on a true story from Taipei.(這部電影是基於台北的真實故事。)

  • The teacher gave feedback based on the students’ performance in the last test.(老師基於學生上次測驗的表現給予回饋。)

comment on

評論

  • The professor will comment on your presentation.(教授會評論你的報告。)

  • She commented on the recent news article about climate change.(她評論了最近關於氣候變遷的新聞報導。)

2. 以 in 開頭的介系詞英文片語

介系詞片語

意思

例句

interested in

對...感興趣

  • Many young Taiwanese are interested in starting their own businesses.(許多台灣年輕人對創業感興趣。)

  • She is interested in learning traditional Chinese calligraphy.(她對學習傳統中國書法感興趣。)

succeed in

成功做到

  • Liling succeeded in passing the IELTS exam with a high score.(麗玲成功以高分通過雅思考試。)

  • He succeeded in organizing a charity event that helped hundreds of families.(他成功舉辦了一個慈善活動,幫助了數百個家庭。)

believe in

相信

  • I believe in working hard to achieve your dreams.(我相信努力工作來實現夢想。)

  • They believe in the importance of protecting the environment for future generations.(他們相信保護環境對未來世代非常重要。)

participate in

參與

  • Students are encouraged to participate in extracurricular activities.(鼓勵學生參與課外活動。)

  • Local residents participated in the community clean-up event last weekend.(當地居民參加了上週末的社區清潔活動。)

result in

導致

  • The typhoon resulted in the cancellation of many flights.(颱風導致許多航班取消。)

  • Poor time management resulted in her missing the project deadline.(糟糕的時間管理導致她錯過了專案截止日期。)

specialize in

專精於

  • This restaurant specializes in Taiwanese beef noodles.(這家餐廳專精於台灣牛肉麵。)

  • The university department specializes in renewable energy research.(該大學系專精於可再生能源研究。)

engage in

從事,參與

  • Chenxi likes to engage in volunteer work on weekends.(晨曦喜歡在週末從事志工工作。)

  • Many companies engage in corporate social responsibility programs.(許多公司參與企業社會責任計畫。)

3. 以 at 開頭的介系詞英文片語

介系詞片語

意思

例句

good at

擅長於

  • Xiaoming is good at playing basketball and badminton.(小明擅長打籃球和羽毛球。)

  • Li Hua is good at solving complex math problems quickly.(麗華擅長快速解決複雜的數學題目。)

look at

  • Look at the beautiful sunset over the Tamsui River.(看淡水河上美麗的日落。)

  • Children love to look at picture books with colorful illustrations.(孩子們喜歡看有彩色插圖的圖畫書。)

laugh at

嘲笑

  • Don't laugh at other people's mistakes.(不要嘲笑別人的錯誤。)

  • He felt embarrassed when his classmates laughed at his drawing.(當同學嘲笑他的畫作時,他感到很尷尬。)

arrive at

抵達(小地方)

  • Daming arrived at the coffee shop fifteen minutes early.(大明提早十五分鐘抵達咖啡店。)

  • We arrived at the museum just before it closed for the day.(我們在博物館關門前抵達。)

aim at

針對,瞄準

  • This marketing campaign is aimed at young consumers.(這個行銷活動針對年輕消費者。)

  • The new government policy aims at reducing air pollution in urban areas.(新的政府政策旨在減少都市地區的空氣污染。)

4. 以 for 開頭的介系詞英文片語

介系詞片語

意思

例句

look for

尋找

  • Weiwei is looking for a new apartment in Taipei.(薇薇正在台北尋找新公寓。)

  • He is looking for his lost keys in the living room.(他正在客廳尋找丟失的鑰匙。)

wait for

等待

  • Xiaojie is waiting for the bus at the station.(小杰在車站等公車。)

  • We waited for over an hour for the train to arrive.(我們等火車超過一小時才到。)

apply for

申請

  • Yaling is applying for a scholarship to study abroad.(雅玲正在申請出國留學獎學金。)

  • He applied for a job at the new tech company in Taipei.(他申請了台北新科技公司的工作。)

apologize for

為...道歉

  • Zhiming apologized for being late to the meeting.(志明為開會遲到道歉。)

  • She apologized for accidentally breaking her friend's vase.(她為不小心打破朋友的花瓶道歉。)

prepare for

為...準備

  • Students are preparing for the final exams.(學生們正在為期末考試準備。)

  • The team is preparing for the upcoming sports competition.(隊伍正在為即將到來的運動比賽準備。)

famous for

以...聞名

  • Tainan is famous for its delicious street food.(台南以美味的街頭小吃聞名。)

  • Paris is famous for its iconic landmarks like the Eiffel Tower.(巴黎以艾菲爾鐵塔等地標聞名。)

responsible for

對...負責

  • Xiuying is responsible for managing the social media accounts.(秀英負責管理社群媒體帳號。)

  • He is responsible for overseeing the company's annual budget.(他負責監督公司的年度預算。)

5. 以 to 開頭的介系詞英文片語

介系詞片語

意思

例句

listen to

聆聽

  • Jiawei likes to listen to classical music while studying.(嘉偉喜歡讀書時聽古典音樂。)

  • She listens to the news on the radio every morning.(她每天早上聆聽廣播新聞。)

talk to

與...交談

  • Xiaoxuan needs to talk to her supervisor about the project.(小萱需要和她的主管談談這個專案。)

  • He talked to his neighbor about organizing a community event.(他與鄰居談論籌辦社區活動的事。)

belong to

屬於

  • This laptop belongs to my colleague from Kaohsiung.(這台筆記型電腦屬於我高雄的同事。)

  • The old bookstore belongs to a family that has run it for generations.(這家舊書店屬於一個經營了好幾代的家庭。)

refer to

提到,參考

  • The report refers to the economic situation in Taiwan.(報告提到台灣的經濟情況。)

  • In her speech, she referred to several historical events to support her point.(她在演講中提到幾個歷史事件以支持她的觀點。)

lead to

導致

  • Poor time management can lead to stress and anxiety.(糟糕的時間管理會導致壓力和焦慮。)

  • Lack of communication can lead to misunderstandings among team members.(缺乏溝通會導致團隊成員之間的誤解。)

contribute to

貢獻,促成

  • Everyone should contribute to environmental protection.(每個人都應該為環境保護貢獻。)

  • Her research contributed to the development of new medical treatments.(她的研究促進了新醫療療法的發展。)

object to

反對

  • Many residents objected to the construction plan.(許多居民反對建設計畫。)

  • He objected to the proposal because it might harm local wildlife.(他反對這個提案,因為它可能會傷害當地野生動物。)

6. 以 of 開頭的介系詞英文片語

介系詞片語

意思

例句

be proud of

以...為傲

  • Taiwan is proud of its bubble tea culture.(台灣以珍珠奶茶文化為傲。)

  • She is proud of her students' achievements in the science competition.(她以學生在科學比賽中的成就為傲。)

be afraid of

害怕

  • Mingxuan is afraid of public speaking.(明軒害怕公開演講。)

  • Many children are afraid of thunderstorms.(許多孩子害怕雷雨天氣。)

be aware of

意識到

  • Everyone should be aware of cybersecurity risks.(每個人都應該意識到網路安全風險。)

  • Travelers should be aware of local laws when visiting a new country.(旅客在訪問新國家時應該意識到當地法律。)

consist of

由...組成

  • The team consists of five members from different departments.(團隊由來自不同部門的五名成員組成。)

  • The committee consists of experts from medicine, law, and education.(委員會由醫學、法律和教育領域的專家組成。)

take care of

照顧

  • Xiaoting takes care of her elderly grandmother.(小婷照顧她年邁的祖母。)

  • He takes care of the office plants every morning.(他每天早上照顧辦公室的植物。)

think of

想到

  • What do you think of the new restaurant in Xinyi District?(你覺得信義區的新餐廳怎麼樣?)

  • I often think of my childhood summers spent at the beach.(我常想起童年在海邊度過的夏天。)

be capable of

有能力

  • Zhihua is capable of managing multiple projects.(芝華有能力管理多個專案。)

  • She is capable of solving complex problems under pressure.(她有能力在壓力下解決複雜問題。)

7. 以 about 開頭的介系詞英文片語

介系詞片語

意思

例句

worry about

擔心

  • Yuxin worries about finding a job after graduation.(宇欣擔心畢業後找工作。)

  • Parents often worry about their children’s safety when they travel abroad.(父母常常擔心孩子出國旅遊的安全。)

think about

思考

  • Wenling is thinking about changing careers.(文玲在思考轉換職業。)

  • He’s thinking about buying an electric car to reduce his carbon footprint.(他正在考慮購買電動車以減少碳足跡。)

care about

在意,關心

  • True friends care about each other's well-being.(真正的朋友關心彼此的福祉。)

  • The company truly cares about its employees’ mental health.(公司真正在意員工的心理健康。)

complain about

抱怨

  • Some customers complained about the long waiting time.(有些客人抱怨等待時間太長。)

  • Residents complained about the noise coming from the nearby construction site.(居民抱怨來自附近工地的噪音。)

8. 以 with 開頭的介系詞英文片語

介系詞片語

意思

例句

agree with

同意

  • I agree with your opinion on this matter.(我同意你對這件事的看法。)

  • Most experts agree with the new policy to reduce carbon emissions.(多數專家同意這項減少碳排放的新政策。)

deal with

處理

  • Xiaojun knows how to deal with difficult customers.(小君知道如何處理難纏的客人。)

  • The manager had to deal with several complaints after the event.(經理必須處理活動後的幾起投訴。)

communicate with

與...溝通

  • It's important to communicate with your team members.(與團隊成員溝通很重要。)

  • Teachers should communicate with parents regularly about students’ progress.(老師應該定期與家長溝通學生的學習進度。)

be satisfied with

對...滿意

  • Huiwen is satisfied with her new job at the tech company.(惠文對她科技公司的新工作感到滿意。)

  • Customers are satisfied with the restaurant’s excellent service.(顧客對餐廳優質的服務感到滿意。)

be familiar with

熟悉

  • Liming is familiar with the streets of Taipei.(李明熟悉台北的街道。)

  • The engineer is familiar with the latest software used in data analysis.(這位工程師熟悉用於資料分析的最新軟體。)

V. 學習難點解析:如何分辨 to 是不是介系詞英文?

許多學習者困惑「如何分辨 to 是不是介系詞」。這個問題在介系詞英文學習中非常重要,因為 to 可以作為「不定詞」的一部分,也可以作為「介系詞」使用,兩者的後接形式完全不同。

1. 不定詞 to vs. 介系詞 to 完整比較

比較項目

不定詞 to

介系詞 to

文法功能

不定詞的標記 (to + 原形動詞)

介系詞,需要受詞

後面接續

原形動詞 (V)

名詞 / 代名詞 / 動名詞 (V-ing)

中文意思

通常無特定意思,表示「要做...」或目的

通常有「到,向,朝,對於」等方向性意思

範例 1

Xiaoming needs to study for the exam. (小明需要為考試而讀書。)

Huimin is looking forward to meeting her friends from Tainan. (惠敏期待見到她台南的朋友。)

範例 2

Yaling wants to travel to Japan next year. (雅玲明年想去日本旅行。)

Zhiwei is accustomed to living alone in Taipei. (志偉習慣在台北獨自生活。)

範例 3

The company plans to expand its business. (公司計劃擴展業務。)

Chen objected to changing the schedule. (小陳反對更改時程。)

範例 4

I decided to learn Spanish. (我決定學西班牙文。)

She is committed to improving her English. (她致力於提升她的英文。)

句型結構

主詞 + 動詞 + to + V原形

主詞 + be + 形容詞 + to + V-ing/N

2. 常見使用「介系詞 to」的片語清單

以下片語中的 to 是介系詞英文,後面必須接名詞或 V-ing:

介系詞 to 片語

意思

例句

look forward to + V-ing/N

期待

  • Minghua is looking forward to visiting Kenting Beach.(明華期待造訪墾丁海灘。)

  • We are looking forward to the weekend.(我們期待週末。)

be used to + V-ing/N

習慣於

  • Xiaojie is used to working late at night.(小杰習慣深夜工作。)

  • I am used to the hot weather in Taiwan.(我習慣台灣的炎熱天氣。)

be accustomed to + V-ing/N

習慣於(較正式)

  • Wendy is accustomed to commuting by scooter.(Wendy 習慣騎機車通勤。)

  • After living abroad for years, she became accustomed to using English every day.(在國外生活多年後,她已習慣每天使用英文。)

object to + V-ing/N

反對

  • Many residents objected to building a factory nearby.(許多居民反對在附近興建工廠。)

  • The teacher objected to students using phones during class.(老師反對學生在課堂上使用手機。)

devote oneself to + V-ing/N

致力於

  • Professor Lin devoted himself to researching Taiwanese history.(林教授致力於研究台灣歷史。)

  • She has devoted herself to improving education in rural areas.(她致力於改善偏鄉地區的教育。)

pay attention to + V-ing/N

注意

  • Please pay attention to listening carefully in class.(請注意在課堂上仔細聆聽。)

  • Drivers should pay attention to road signs to avoid accidents.(駕駛應注意道路標誌以避免發生事故。)

contribute to + V-ing/N

貢獻於

  • Exercise contributes to maintaining good health.(運動有助於維持健康。)

  • Technology contributes to improving communication efficiency.(科技有助於提升溝通效率。)

be dedicated to + V-ing/N

致力於

  • The organization is dedicated to protecting endangered species.(這個組織致力於保護瀕危物種。)

  • The volunteers are dedicated to helping homeless people find shelter.(志工們致力於幫助無家可歸的人找到棲身之所。)

be opposed to + V-ing/N

反對

  • Yuxin is opposed to raising the prices.(宇欣反對提高價格。)

  • The group is opposed to cutting down trees in the local park.(該團體反對在當地公園砍樹。)

admit to + V-ing

承認

  • Xiaoming admitted to making a mistake.(小明承認犯了錯。)

  • The manager admitted to forgetting to send the email.(經理承認忘記寄出電子郵件。)

confess to + V-ing

坦承

  • He confessed to stealing the documents.(他坦承偷了文件。)

  • The suspect confessed to lying during the investigation.(嫌疑人坦承在調查過程中說了謊。)

in addition to + V-ing/N

除了...之外

  • In addition to studying English,Liling also learns Japanese.(除了學英文之外,麗玲也學日文。)

  • In addition to teaching, Mr. Chen writes educational articles for magazines.(除了教書之外,陳老師還為雜誌撰寫教育文章。)

2. 判斷技巧與方法

技巧 1:替換測試法

如果 to 後面可以接名詞且語意通順,那麼這個 to 就是介系詞。

  • I look forward to your visit.(名詞)✓ → to 是介系詞

  • I look forward to visiting you.(動名詞)✓ → to 是介系詞

  • ~~I look forward to visit you.~~(原形動詞)✗ → 錯誤

技巧 2:前面字詞判斷法

某些固定片語中的 to 永遠是介系詞:

  • look forward to

  • be/get used to

  • object to

  • devote to

  • pay attention to

技巧 3:意義判斷法

  • 不定詞 to:表示「要做某事」的意圖或目的

  • 介系詞 to:有明確的「朝向,對於」等方向性意思

VI. 介系詞練習題與解析

透過實際練習能幫助你更深入理解介系詞英文的用法。以下提供三種類型的練習題,請先自行作答,再參考解析。

1. 選擇題練習

請選擇正確的介系詞英文填入空格:

  1. The meeting will be held _____ Monday morning. (A) at (B) on (C) in

  2. Xiaoming usually wakes up _____ 6:30 a.m. to prepare breakfast. (A) at (B) on (C) in

  3. Taiwan's Dragon Boat Festival is _____ the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. (A) at (B) on (C) in

  4. Huimin arrived _____ Taoyuan Airport three hours before her flight. (A) at (B) on (C) in

  5. There is a famous landscape painting hanging _____ the wall in the lobby. (A) at (B) on (C) in

  6. Yaling has lived _____ Tainan since she was born. (A) at (B) on (C) in

  7. The Olympic Games will take place _____ 2028 in Los Angeles. (A) at (B) on (C) in

  8. Let's meet _____ the bubble tea shop next to Taipei Main Station. (A) at (B) on (C) in

  9. Chen was born _____ March 15th, 1998. (A) at (B) on (C) in

  10. Please place all the textbooks _____ the bookshelf carefully. (A) at (B) on (C) in

答案與詳細解析:

  1. (B) on - 特定日期的早上用 on。"Monday morning" 是特定的星期加時段,需要用 on。

  2. (A) at - 具體時間點用 at。"6:30 a.m." 是明確的時刻,使用 at。

  3. (B) on - 特定日期用 on。即使是農曆日期,仍然是特定的一天,要用 on。

  4. (A) at - 特定地點(機場、車站等交通樞紐)用 at。機場屬於具體地點,使用 at。

  5. (B) on - 表面接觸用 on。畫掛在牆上,與牆面接觸,用 on。

  6. (C) in - 城市、國家等較大地理區域用 in。台南是城市,使用 in。

  7. (C) in - 年份用 in。2028 是年份,用 in。

  8. (A) at - 特定小地點用 at。"bubble tea shop" 是具體的小地點,用 at。

  9. (B) on - 完整的特定日期用 on。"March 15th, 1998" 是完整日期,用 on。

  10. (B) on - 放置在平面表面上用 on。書架的層板是平面,書放在上面用 on。

2. 填空題練習

請判斷 to 是介系詞還是不定詞,並填入動詞的正確形式:

  1. Minghua wants _____ (visit) the National Palace Museum this weekend.

  2. Yujie is looking forward _____ (meet) her host family in Taipei.

  3. Xiaojie needs _____ (finish) the report before tomorrow morning.

  4. The employees are accustomed _____ (work) flexible hours at this company.

  5. Wenling plans _____ (study) abroad in the United States next year.

  6. Many environmental groups object _____ (build) more factories in the area.

  7. Zhiwei would like _____ (learn) to play traditional Chinese instruments.

  8. Liling is used _____ (commute) by MRT from Banqiao to Taipei every day.

  9. The school decided _____ (cancel) classes due to the approaching typhoon.

  10. Customers should pay attention _____ (read) the terms and conditions carefully.

答案與詳細解析:

  1. to visit - 不定詞。"want" 後面接 to + 原形動詞,表示「想要做某事」。 完整句: Minghua wants to visit the National Palace Museum this weekend. (明華這週末想參觀故宮博物院。)

  2. to meeting - 介系詞。"look forward to" 是固定片語,to 是介系詞,後接 V-ing。 完整句: Yujie is looking forward to meeting her host family in Taipei. (宇杰期待在台北見到她的寄宿家庭。)

  3. to finish - 不定詞。"need" 後面接 to + 原形動詞,表示「需要做某事」。 完整句: Xiaojie needs to finish the report before tomorrow morning. (小杰需要在明天早上前完成報告。)

  4. to working - 介系詞。"be accustomed to" 是固定片語,to 是介系詞,後接 V-ing。 完整句: The employees are accustomed to working flexible hours at this company. (員工習慣在這家公司彈性工時。)

  5. to study - 不定詞。"plan" 後面接 to + 原形動詞,表示「計劃做某事」。 完整句: Wenling plans to study abroad in the United States next year. (文玲計劃明年到美國留學。)

  6. to building - 介系詞。"object to" 是固定片語,to 是介系詞,後接 V-ing。 完整句: Many environmental groups object to building more factories in the area. (許多環保團體反對在該地區興建更多工廠。)

  7. to learn - 不定詞。"would like" 後面接 to + 原形動詞,表示「想要做某事」。 完整句: Zhiwei would like to learn to play traditional Chinese instruments. (志偉想學習演奏中國傳統樂器。)

  8. to commuting - 介系詞。"be used to" 是固定片語,to 是介系詞,後接 V-ing。 完整句: Liling is used to commuting by MRT from Banqiao to Taipei every day. (麗玲習慣每天從板橋搭捷運通勤到台北。)

  9. to cancel - 不定詞。"decide" 後面接 to + 原形動詞,表示「決定做某事」。 完整句: The school decided to cancel classes due to the approaching typhoon. (學校因為颱風接近而決定停課。)

  10. to reading - 介系詞。"pay attention to" 是固定片語,to 是介系詞,後接 V-ing。 完整句: Customers should pay attention to reading the terms and conditions carefully. (客戶應該注意仔細閱讀條款和條件。)

3. 動名詞與介系詞結合練習

請使用正確的「介系詞 + V-ing」結構完成句子:

  1. Thank you _____ (help) me move my furniture to the new apartment in Xindian.

  2. Xiaoxuan is good _____ (solve) complex mathematical problems quickly.

  3. Daming succeeded _____ (get) promoted to manager after working hard for three years.

  4. Most young people in Taiwan are interested _____ (learn) new languages and cultures.

  5. Huiwen is thinking _____ (change) her major from business to design.

  6. Zhiming apologized _____ (arrive) late to the important client meeting.

  7. This restaurant in Taichung is famous _____ (serve) authentic local cuisine.

  8. Yuxin is excited _____ (start) her new job at the technology company in Taipei.

  9. Liming is tired _____ (work) overtime every day without proper rest.

  10. The team focuses _____ (improve) customer satisfaction and service quality.

答案與詳細解析:

  1. for helping - "thank you for" 是固定搭配,for 是介系詞,後接 V-ing。 完整句: Thank you for helping me move my furniture to the new apartment in Xindian. (謝謝你幫我把家具搬到新店的新公寓。)

  2. at solving - "good at" 表示「擅長於」,at 是介系詞,後接 V-ing。 完整句: Xiaoxuan is good at solving complex mathematical problems quickly. (小萱擅長快速解決複雜的數學問題。)

  3. by getting / in getting - "succeed by/in" 表示「透過...而成功」,後接 V-ing。 完整句: Daming succeeded in getting promoted to manager after working hard for three years. (大明在努力工作三年後成功升職為經理。)

  4. in learning - "interested in" 表示「對...感興趣」,in 是介系詞,後接 V-ing。 完整句: Most young people in Taiwan are interested in learning new languages and cultures. (台灣大多數年輕人對學習新語言和文化感興趣。)

  5. about changing - "think about" 表示「思考、考慮」,about 是介系詞,後接 V-ing。 完整句: Huiwen is thinking about changing her major from business to design. (惠文在考慮把主修從商業改為設計。)

  6. for arriving - "apologize for" 表示「為...道歉」,for 是介系詞,後接 V-ing。 完整句: Zhiming apologized for arriving late to the important client meeting. (志明為重要客戶會議遲到而道歉。)

  7. for serving - "famous for" 表示「以...聞名」,for 是介系詞,後接 V-ing 或名詞。 完整句: This restaurant in Taichung is famous for serving authentic local cuisine. (這家台中餐廳以供應道地的在地美食而聞名。)

  8. about starting - "excited about" 表示「對...感到興奮」,about 是介系詞,後接 V-ing。 完整句: Yuxin is excited about starting her new job at the technology company in Taipei. (宇欣對在台北科技公司開始新工作感到興奮。)

  9. of working - "tired of" 表示「對...感到厭倦」,of 是介系詞,後接 V-ing。 完整句: Liming is tired of working overtime every day without proper rest. (李明厭倦每天加班而沒有適當休息。)

  10. on improving - "focus on" 表示「專注於」,on 是介系詞,後接 V-ing。 完整句: The team focuses on improving customer satisfaction and service quality. (團隊專注於提升客戶滿意度和服務品質。)

VII. 介系詞英文常見問題 (FAQ)

1. 介系詞英文縮寫是什麼?

介系詞英文 (Preposition) 在字典、文法書或學術文獻中,最常見的英文縮寫是 prep。這個介系詞縮寫被廣泛使用於各種英文學習教材、字典標注和文法參考資料中,幫助讀者快速識別詞性。

2. 英文介系詞有哪些?總共有多少?(Preposition 有哪些英文?)

英文介系詞總數約有 150 個,但日常溝通中最常使用的大約 70-80 個。掌握常用的介系詞英文就能應付大部分的日常溝通和考試需求。

3. 句子最後可以是介系詞嗎?

可以! 這是一個常見的誤解。雖然傳統英文文法教學曾建議避免將介系詞英文放在句尾,但在現代英文中,尤其是口語和非正式書寫中,句尾出現介系詞是非常自然且常見的用法。

常見且正確的範例:

  • What are you looking for? (你在找什麼?) ✓ 比較:~~For what are you looking?~~ (過於正式,不自然)

  • Who did you go with? (你和誰去的?) ✓ 比較:~~With whom did you go?~~ (過於正式)

  • Which hotel are you staying at? (你住在哪間飯店?) ✓ 比較:~~At which hotel are you staying?~~ (過於正式)

  • This is the restaurant I told you about. (這就是我跟你說的那家餐廳。) ✓

使用情境:

  • 疑問句中特別常見

  • 關係子句中

  • 口語對話中

  • 非正式寫作中

唯一例外:在非常正式的學術寫作或商業文件中,可能需要避免句尾介系詞,但這不是文法錯誤,只是風格選擇。

4. at,on,in 怎麼區分?

這三個是最常混淆的介系詞英文。記住「從小到大」的原則:

時間用法

地點用法

  • at (最小) → 時間點

  • on (中等) → 特定日期

  • in (最大) → 較長時段

  • at (點) → 特定地點

  • on (面) → 表面

  • in (體) → 空間內

範例對比:

  • at 3 p.m. / on Monday / in March (時間)

  • at the station / on the wall / in the room (地點)

結論

掌握介系詞英文是提升英文能力的重要里程碑。從理解介系詞是什麼,介系詞後面加什麼,到熟練運用各類介系詞英文和介系詞片語,這個學習過程需要時間和練習。一張圖搞懂介系詞能幫助你快速統整重點,建立完整概念。本文詳細介紹了介系詞的定義,六大分類,常用片語,以及重要的介系詞英文規則,特別是如何分辨 to 是不是介系詞這個常見難題。

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