【對等連接詞英文】FANBOYS 完全指南:用法、逗號規則與練習題 (Coordinating Conjunctions)
你是否曾經疑惑「對等連接詞英文怎麼用?」或「FANBOYS 到底是什麼意思?」 對等連接詞英文(Coordinating Conjunctions)是連接文法地位相等的單字、片語或子句的連接詞,在英文寫作和口語表達中扮演著關鍵角色。最常見的七個對等連接詞可以用 FANBOYS 這個記憶口訣來記住:For(因為)、And(和)、Nor(也不)、But(但是)、Or(或者)、Yet(然而)、So(所以),每一個都有其獨特的語意功能和使用時機。
想像一下,如果沒有這些連接詞,你的英文句子就像一顆顆散落的珍珠,無法串連成美麗的項鍊。掌握對等連接詞不僅能讓你的 TOEIC、IELTS 寫作分數提升,更能讓你在商務溝通、學術論文中展現專業度。然而,許多學習者常常在逗號使用、平行結構、Nor 的倒裝規則上犯錯,導致句子文法錯誤或語意不清。
本文由 PREPEDU 專業教學團隊精心整理,將帶你深入了解對等連接詞的完整用法,包括 FANBOYS 的詳細解析、三大應用場景(連接單字、片語、獨立子句)、逗號使用的黃金規則,以及 30 道實戰練習題幫助你徹底掌握。無論你是英文初學者還是準備語言檢定的考生,這份完全指南都能幫助你建立紮實的文法基礎,讓英文表達更加流暢自然。
I. 什麼是對等連接詞英文?Coordinating Conjunction 是什麼?
對等連接詞英文稱為 Coordinating Conjunctions,是英文文法中不可或缺的基礎元素,專門用來連接文法地位相等的語言單位。當我們談到「什麼是對等連接詞」或「Coordinating Conjunction 是什麼」時,答案其實相當明確:它是用來連接兩個或多個相同詞性的單字(名詞英文與名詞英文、動詞英文與動詞英文)、片語(介系詞片語與介系詞片語)或獨立子句的連接詞,讓這些在文法上地位相等的元素能夠自然地組合在一起。這個「對等」的概念至關重要,意味著被連接的兩個元素在句子中具有同等的重要性,沒有主從之分。
掌握對等連接詞英文的運用,能讓你在寫作或口語表達時將相關概念緊密結合,創造出流暢且邏輯清晰的句子。無論你是準備 IELTS 考試和 TOEIC 考試等英語檢定考試,或是想提升日常英文寫作能力,深入理解對等連接詞的使用原則都是構建高品質英文句子的關鍵基石。這些連接詞雖然看似簡短不起眼,卻能精確傳達複雜的邏輯關係,包括並列、對比、因果和選擇等多元語意。
II. 對等連接詞英文有哪些?FANBOYS 記憶法全解析
要完整回答「對等連接詞有哪些」這個核心問題,我們需要認識英文中最經典的記憶口訣 "FANBOYS"。這個縮寫完美囊括了七個對等連接詞英文的首字母,讓學習者能夠快速記住並正確使用它們。FANBOYS 分別代表 For、And、Nor、But、Or、Yet、So 這七個連接詞英文,每一個都承載著獨特的語意功能和使用情境。
接下來讓我們逐一深入探討這七個對等連接詞英文的具體用法。
1. For(因為)
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語意功能: 表達「原因」或「理由」,屬於推論型對等連接詞
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使用特點: For 作為對等連接詞英文時較為正式,通常出現在書面語或文學作品中。最重要的規則是 For 絕對不能放在句首,這是它與 Because 的最大差異。For 連接兩個獨立子句時,前面的子句陳述結果,後面的子句說明原因。當你想在正式寫作中表達因果關係,且希望保持句子的莊重感時,For 是理想的選擇。
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使用情境 |
例句 |
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說明日常行為的原因 |
Emma always keeps an umbrella in her bag, for sudden showers are common during spring in Taipei.(艾瑪總是在包包裡放一把傘,因為台北的春天經常會突然下雨。) |
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解釋決策背後的理由 |
Xiaofang decided to leave the meeting early, for she had an urgent family matter that required immediate attention.(小芳決定提早離開會議,因為她有緊急家庭事務需要立即處理。) |
2. And(和、而且)
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語意功能: 表達「添加」和「並列」關係,屬於累加型對等連接詞
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使用特點: And 是使用頻率最高的對等連接詞英文,主要功能是將兩個或多個同等重要的元素連接起來。使用 And 時需要注意順序性原則,通常先發生的事件或較重要的概念應該放在前面,這樣能讓句子的邏輯更加清晰自然。And 也可以表達時間順序,呈現一連串的動作。在列舉三個以上項目時,最後一個 And 前面可以使用牛津逗號,這在學術寫作中特別常見。
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使用情境 |
例句 |
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連接日常活動 |
Liwei checked his morning emails, watered his balcony plants, and went jogging along the Tamsui River before work.(李偉查看早上的郵件、澆了陽台上的花,然後在上班前沿淡水河慢跑。) |
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表達並列關係 |
The restaurant in Ximending serves both authentic Taiwanese beef noodles and innovative fusion cuisine that attracts tourists from around the world.(西門町的這家餐廳既提供道地的台灣牛肉麵,又有創新的融合料理,吸引來自世界各地的遊客。) |
3. Nor(也不)
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語意功能: 表達「否定的並列」關係,屬於選擇型對等連接詞
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使用特點: Nor 用來連接兩個否定的概念,表示「也不」的意思。這個對等連接詞英文在使用上有個特殊且重要的文法規則:當 Nor 位於句首或連接兩個獨立子句時,其後的句子必須使用倒裝結構,將助動詞或 be 動詞移到主詞前面。這個倒裝規則是許多學習者感到困惑的地方,但只要記住「Nor + 英文助動詞/be 動詞 + 主詞」的公式,多加練習就能掌握。Nor 通常與 neither 搭配使用,形成 "neither...nor..." 的相關連接詞結構。
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使用情境 |
例句 |
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表達雙重否定習慣 |
Mr. Lin doesn’t drink coffee in the evening, nor does he eat anything after 9 PM.(林先生晚上不喝咖啡,也不在晚上九點後吃任何東西。) |
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描述缺乏經驗 |
The intern has never worked on a marketing campaign before, nor has she had any experience with social media analytics tools.(這位實習生以前從未參與過行銷活動,也沒有使用社群媒體分析工具的經驗。) |
重要提醒: Nor 後面接獨立子句時必須倒裝,這是初學者最容易犯錯的地方!記住公式:Nor + 助動詞/be 動詞 + 主詞
4. But(但是)
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語意功能: 表達「對比」、「轉折」或「例外」關係,屬於對比型對等連接詞
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使用特點: But 是表達轉折最直接有效的對等連接詞英文,用來連接兩個在語意上形成對立或出乎意料關係的概念。當你想要呈現兩個想法之間的差異或矛盾時,But 就是最自然的選擇。這個連接詞在論述文和說服性寫作中特別重要,因為它能夠清楚標示出論點的轉折,引導讀者注意到重要的對比資訊。But 也可以用來表達「除了...之外」的意思,這時候它連接的是例外情況。
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使用情境 |
例句 |
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對比期望與現實 |
Xiaojie studied at National Taiwan University for four years but decided to pursue her master's degree in Singapore instead of staying in Taiwan.(小潔在台灣大學讀了四年,但決定到新加坡攻讀碩士學位,而不是留在台灣。) |
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表達矛盾情況 |
The night market in Raohe Street was extremely crowded but the food vendors managed to serve customers efficiently without long waiting times.(饒河街夜市人潮洶湧,但攤販仍能有效率地服務顧客,沒有讓人等太久。) |
5. Or(或者、否則)
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語意功能: 表達「選擇」或「後果」關係,屬於選擇型對等連接詞
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使用特點: Or 這個對等連接詞英文有兩個主要功能。第一,表達選擇關係,連接兩個或多個可能的選項,讓聽者或讀者在多個選項中做出決定。第二,表達後果或警告,帶有「否則」的意味,通常用於祈使句後面,暗示如果不採取前面的行動,後面的負面結果就會發生。這種用法在提出建議、警告或威脅時特別實用。Or 也可以用來表達「也就是說」的補充說明意思。
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使用情境 |
例句 |
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提供選擇 |
Would you prefer to take the High Speed Rail from Taipei to Kaohsiung or fly with a domestic airline for your business trip next week?(你下週出差時,想從台北搭高鐵到高雄,還是搭國內航班?) |
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警告後果 |
Xiaolin needs to submit his project proposal by Friday afternoon, or his application for the research grant will be automatically disqualified.(小林必須在週五下午前提交專案企劃書,否則他的研究補助申請將自動失去資格。) |
6. Yet(然而)
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語意功能: 表達「強烈轉折」關係,屬於對比型對等連接詞
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使用特點: Yet 作為對等連接詞英文時表達轉折,但它的語氣比 But 更強烈,通常帶有「儘管如此」、「沒想到」或「出乎意料」的意味。當你想要強調兩個概念之間的對比令人驚訝或充滿矛盾時,Yet 是比 But 更好的選擇。它能為句子增添戲劇性和強調效果,讓轉折更加鮮明有力。Yet 特別適合用在描述克服困難、出人意表的成功,或是矛盾的狀況。
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使用情境 |
例句 |
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強調意外結果 |
Professor Wang had never studied abroad yet became one of the most respected linguistics experts in Taiwan through self-directed learning and dedication.(王教授從未出國留學,然而透過自主學習和努力,成為台灣最受尊敬的語言學專家之一。) |
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描述矛盾現象 |
The typhoon warning was issued three days in advance, yet many residents in mountainous areas still failed to evacuate in time.(颱風警報提前三天發布,然而許多山區居民仍未能及時撤離。) |
7. So(所以)
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語意功能: 表達「結果」或「因此」關係,屬於推論型對等連接詞
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使用特點: So 用來表達因果關係中的「結果」部分,是連接原因和結果最直接的對等連接詞英文。當你想要說明某個行動或情況導致了什麼後果時,So 能夠清楚標示出這種因果關係,讓你的論述邏輯一目了然。So 在說明性寫作和日常對話中都是不可或缺的表達工具。使用 So 時,前面的子句通常是原因或背景,後面的子句是基於這個原因而產生的結果或採取的行動。
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使用情境 |
例句 |
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說明決策理由 |
The company's headquarters in Xinyi District experienced a power outage this morning, so all employees were instructed to work from home for the rest of the day.(公司位於信義區的總部今天早上停電,所以所有員工都被要求當天剩餘時間在家工作。) |
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解釋行為動機 |
Kevin felt unprepared for the job interview, so he spent the entire weekend researching the company and practicing common questions.(凱文覺得自己對這場面試準備不足,所以他整個週末都在研究公司並練習常見問題。) |
III. 對等連接詞英文的三大黃金應用場景
理解對等連接詞的理論知識後,更重要的是掌握它們在實際句子中的三種主要應用方式。從最簡單的連接單字,到連接片語,再到連接完整的獨立子句,每個層級都有其特定的規則和標點符號使用原則。對等連接詞英文的靈活運用,能讓你的表達更加精準流暢。接下來我們將從易到難,循序漸進地探討這三大應用場景,幫助你在寫作和口語表達中正確而靈活地運用對等連接詞。
1. 對等連接詞連接單字
這是對等連接詞英文最基礎也最簡單的用法,用來連接兩個詞性相同的單字。這裡的「詞性相同」是關鍵原則,意味著你只能連接名詞與名詞、動詞與動詞、英文形容詞與形容詞、英文副詞與副詞等相同類別的詞彙。使用對等連接詞連接單字時有個重要的標點規則:只連接兩個單字時完全不需要使用逗號,直接用連接詞連接即可,這能讓句子簡潔清晰,避免過度標點造成的閱讀障礙。
連接不同詞性的例句:
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連接名詞 |
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連接動詞 |
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連接形容詞 |
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連接副詞 |
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實際情境例句:
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Manager Liu from the Taoyuan branch needs pens, notebooks, and folders for the upcoming training session.(來自桃園分公司的劉經理需要筆、筆記本和文件夾來進行即將到來的培訓課程。)
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The restaurant serves breakfast and lunch but not dinner on weekdays.(這家餐廳平日供應早餐和午餐,但不供應晚餐。)
2. 對等連接詞連接片語
當對等連接詞英文連接兩個片語時,最重要的原則是保持「平行結構」(Parallel Structure),也就是說連接的兩個片語在文法結構上必須一致。這個層級是引入「對等連接詞省略主詞」概念的最佳時機:當連接兩個動詞片語且主詞相同時,第二個主詞通常會被省略,讓句子更加簡潔流暢而不顯累贅。這種省略不僅是風格選擇,更是英文寫作中的常見慣例。
對等連接詞省略主詞的重要規則:當使用對等連接詞英文連接兩個或多個動詞片語時,如果主詞相同,第二個(以及之後的)主詞可以省略。例如:"Xiaomei went to the library and (Xiaomei) studied for three hours.(小美去了圖書館,並(小美)學習了三個小時。)" 中,第二個 "Xiaomei" 就可以省略,因為與第一個子句的主詞相同。這種省略讓句子更簡潔,是英文寫作中的標準做法。
平行結構與片語連接例句:
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連接介系詞片語 |
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連接動名詞片語(平行結構) |
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連接不定詞片語(平行結構) |
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對等連接詞省略主詞的例句 |
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平行結構錯誤示範:
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❌ He likes to swim and playing tennis.(結構不平行)
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✅ He likes to swim and to play tennis.(都是不定詞)
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✅ He likes swimming and playing tennis.(都是動名詞)
3. 對等連接詞連接獨立子句
這是對等連接詞英文用法中最重要也最複雜的層級。獨立子句(Independent Clause)指的是具有完整主詞和動詞、能夠單獨成為一個完整句子的結構。當 FANBOYS 連接兩個獨立子句時,有個黃金規則必須牢記:你必須在對等連接詞前面加上逗號。這個標點符號規則是寫作中最常被忽略的錯誤之一,掌握它能讓你的英文寫作立刻提升專業度。
獨立子句的判斷標準: 一個獨立子句必須具備:
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完整的主詞(Subject)
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完整的動詞(Verb)
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能夠獨立表達完整意思
標準公式:
獨立子句 1 + 逗號(,) + FANBOYS + 獨立子句 2
連接獨立子句的實際例句:
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使用 For 連接:The manager postponed the morning meeting, for several key team members were stuck in traffic due to the heavy rain.(經理延後了早上的會議,因為幾位重要的團隊成員因大雨而塞在路上。)
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使用 And 連接:Xiaoting graduated from National Chengchi University in June, and she started working at a tech company in Neihu in August.(小婷六月從政治大學畢業,八月開始在內湖的一家科技公司工作。)
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使用 Nor 連接(注意倒裝):The restaurant doesn't accept credit cards, nor does it provide delivery services to customers.(這家餐廳不接受信用卡,也不提供外送服務給顧客。)
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使用 But 連接:The Taipei 101 Observatory offers breathtaking views of the entire city, but visitors need to book tickets in advance during peak tourist season.(台北 101 觀景台提供整座城市的壯麗景色,但遊客在旅遊旺季需要提前預訂門票。)
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使用 Or 連接:You should submit your application before the deadline, or your candidacy will not be considered for this position.(你應該在截止日期前提交申請,否則你的候選資格將不被考慮。)
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使用 Yet 連接:The hiking trail in Yangmingshan was marked as beginner-friendly, yet many participants found it quite challenging due to the steep sections.(陽明山的這條登山步道標示為適合初學者,然而許多參與者因陡峭路段而覺得相當具有挑戰性。)
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使用 So 連接:The typhoon caused significant damage to the coastal areas, so the government allocated emergency funds for reconstruction efforts.(颱風對沿海地區造成重大損害,所以政府撥款進行緊急重建工作。)
IV. 必學規則:對等連接詞英文的逗號使用原則
雖然前面章節已經提及標點符號規則,但由於這是許多學習者最容易出錯的地方,這裡我們做一個系統性的總結。正確使用逗號不僅能讓你的對等連接詞英文寫作更專業,更能避免句意模糊或產生誤解。以下三條規則請務必熟記並在寫作中貫徹執行,這些規則是英文寫作標點符號的基本準則。
1. 規則一:連接兩個獨立子句 → 必須加逗號
當對等連接詞英文連接兩個都可以獨立成句的子句時,在連接詞前面必須加上逗號。這個規則沒有例外(除了極短的句子且使用 and 連接時,可以省略逗號)。獨立子句意味著即使單獨存在,也能表達完整的意思。
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正確用法 ✅ |
錯誤用法 ❌ |
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Professor Chen teaches linguistics at the university, and his wife works as a translator for an international organization.(陳教授在大學教授語言學,而他的妻子則在一家國際組織擔任翻譯員。) |
Professor Chen teaches linguistics at the university and his wife works as a translator for an international organization. |
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The conference was scheduled for Friday, but it was postponed to the following week.(會議原定於週五舉行,但被延期到下一週。) |
The conference was scheduled for Friday but it was postponed to the following week. |
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Xiaojun wanted to attend the concert, yet he couldn't find available tickets online.(小俊想參加音樂會,然而他在網上找不到可用的票。) |
Xiaojun wanted to attend the concert yet he couldn't find available tickets online. |
例外情況: 當兩個獨立子句都非常短(通常少於五個字),且使用 and 連接時,可以省略逗號。例如:I left and she stayed.(我離開了,她留下。)
2. 規則二:連接兩個單字或片語 → 不加逗號
當對等連接詞英文只連接兩個單字或兩個片語時,不需要使用逗號,直接用連接詞連接即可。這個規則能保持句子的簡潔性。
|
正確用法 ✅ |
錯誤用法 ❌ |
|
The bookstore sells novels and magazines.(書店販售小說和雜誌。) |
The bookstore sells novels, and magazines. |
|
Xiaoling is intelligent but lazy.(小玲很聰明但很懶。) |
Xiaoling is intelligent, but lazy. |
|
You can take the MRT or the bus to reach Taipei Main Station.(你可以搭捷運或公車到台北車站。) |
You can take the MRT, or the bus to reach Taipei Main Station. |
3. 規則三:列舉三個以上項目 → 使用牛津逗號
當使用對等連接詞英文列舉三個或更多項目時,建議在最後一個連接詞前加上逗號,這稱為牛津逗號或序列逗號(Serial Comma),能避免歧義。雖然在某些寫作風格中牛津逗號是可選的,但在學術寫作和正式文件中強烈建議使用。
|
使用牛津逗號 |
不使用牛津逗號(可能產生歧義) |
|
The research team includes experts in linguistics, psychology, and neuroscience.(研究團隊包括語言學、心理學和神經科學的專家。) |
The research team includes experts in linguistics, psychology and neuroscience. |
|
For breakfast, I had eggs, toast, and orange juice.(早餐我吃了雞蛋、吐司和柳橙汁。) |
For breakfast, I had eggs, toast and orange juice. |
|
The program is designed for teachers, students, and parents.(這個計畫是為老師、學生和家長設計的。) |
The program is designed for teachers, students and parents. |
V. 易混淆觀念:對等連接詞英文 vs. 連接副詞
許多學習者常常混淆對等連接詞英文和連接副詞(Conjunctive Adverbs),尤其是 But 與 However、So 與 Therefore 這些功能相似的詞彙。雖然它們在語意上可能接近,但在文法功能和標點符號使用上卻有根本性的差異,掌握這些區別對於寫出正確的英文句子至關重要。對等連接詞是真正的連接詞,能夠直接連接兩個獨立子句;而連接副詞本質上是副詞,不能獨立連接兩個句子。
|
特徵 |
對等連接詞英文(FANBOYS) |
連接副詞(Conjunctive Adverbs) |
|
詞彙例子 |
But, So, And, For, Yet, Or, Nor |
However, Therefore, Moreover, Furthermore, Nevertheless, Meanwhile, Consequently |
|
文法功能 |
真正的連接詞,可直接連接兩個獨立子句 |
副詞,不能直接連接,需要分號或句號 |
|
標點用法 |
句子 1 + , + but + 句子 2 |
|
|
位置靈活性 |
只能放在兩個子句之間 |
可以放在句首、句中或句尾 |
|
語氣 |
較輕鬆、口語化 |
較正式、書面語 |
|
使用情境 |
日常對話、一般寫作 |
學術論文、正式報告、商業文件 |
對比例句詳解:
|
表達類型 |
類型 |
例句 |
|
表達對比 |
對等連接詞 |
Manager Wang wanted to launch the new product in March, but the development team needed more time for quality testing.(王經理想在三月推出新產品,但開發團隊需要更多時間進行品質測試。) |
|
表達對比 |
連接副詞 |
Manager Wang wanted to launch the new product in March; however, the development team needed more time for quality testing.(王經理想在三月推出新產品;然而,開發團隊需要更多時間進行品質測試。) |
|
表達對比 |
連接副詞 |
Manager Wang wanted to launch the new product in March. However, the development team needed more time for quality testing.(王經理想在三月推出新產品。然而,開發團隊需要更多時間進行品質測試。) |
|
表達因果 |
對等連接詞英文 |
The restaurant received excellent reviews on social media, so it quickly became one of the most popular dining spots in Da'an District.(這家餐廳在社群媒體上獲得極佳評價,所以很快成為大安區最受歡迎的用餐地點之一。) |
|
表達因果 |
連接副詞 |
The restaurant received excellent reviews on social media; therefore, it quickly became one of the most popular dining spots in Da'an District.(這家餐廳在社群媒體上獲得極佳評價;因此,很快成為大安區最受歡迎的用餐地點之一。) |
|
表達因果 |
連接副詞 |
The restaurant received excellent reviews on social media. Therefore, it quickly became one of the most popular dining spots in Da'an District.(這家餐廳在社群媒體上獲得極佳評價。因此,很快成為大安區最受歡迎的用餐地點之一。) |
常見的連接副詞與對應的對等連接詞:
|
對等連接詞 |
對應的連接副詞 |
語意功能 |
|
and |
moreover, furthermore, additionally, besides |
添加、補充 |
|
but |
however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still |
對比、轉折 |
|
so |
therefore, consequently, thus, hence, accordingly |
因果、結果 |
|
or |
otherwise, alternatively |
選擇、否則 |
VI. 對等連接詞英文可以放在句首嗎?
這是許多英文學習者經常提出的問題,答案是:視情況而定。在傳統的嚴格文法規則中,對等連接詞英文不應該放在句首,因為它們的功能是「連接」而非「開啟」新的句子。然而在現代英語使用中,尤其是非學術性的寫作如小說、部落格文章、新聞報導、廣告文案或日常對話中,將 And、But、So 等對等連接詞放在句首是完全可以接受的,這樣的用法能夠加強語氣、製造戲劇效果、創造節奏感或與前文建立更緊密的邏輯連結。
|
應該避免的情境 |
可以使用的情境 |
|
|
範例:
-
強調和戲劇效果:The team worked tirelessly for months to complete the project. And guess what? They succeeded beyond everyone's expectations.(團隊不眠不休工作數月完成專案。你猜怎麼著?他們的成功超越所有人的預期。)
-
轉折和對比:Everyone thought the startup would fail within six months. But here we are, three years later, celebrating our expansion to five new markets.(每個人都認為這家新創公司會在六個月內倒閉。但我們現在來到三年後,正在慶祝擴展到五個新市場。)
-
因果和結論:The evidence was overwhelming. The data was irrefutable. So the board had no choice but to approve the proposal.(證據確鿿無疑。數據不容置疑。所以董事會別無選擇,只能批准這項提案。)
-
選擇和建議:You could continue struggling with traditional methods. Or you could embrace the new technology and transform your workflow completely.(你可以繼續使用傳統方法苦苦掙扎。或者你可以擁抱新科技,徹底轉變你的工作流程。)
VII. 實戰演練:對等連接詞英文練習題
透過實際練習是鞏固對等連接詞英文知識最有效的方法。以下設計了三種不同類型的練習題,從選擇題到合併句子再到填空題,全方位測試你對 FANBOYS 的理解和應用能力。每個題組後面都附有詳細答案和解析,幫助你檢視學習成果並找出需要加強的部分。建議你先遮住答案區,獨立完成所有練習,然後再對照答案進行自我評估。
1. 練習一:選擇題
請選出最適合填入空格的對等連接詞英文。每題只有一個正確答案。
-
Xiaoming from Hsinchu wants to buy the latest smartphone model, _____ he doesn't have enough savings in his bank account. A) and B) but C) or D) so
-
Hurry up and finish your report, _____ the manager will assign it to someone else before the Monday meeting. A) and B) but C) or D) so
-
Professor Lin spent five years researching this topic in her laboratory, _____ she finally published her groundbreaking findings in an international journal. A) for B) but C) or D) so
-
The hotel doesn't provide free breakfast to guests, _____ does it offer airport shuttle services to travelers. A) and B) nor C) but D) yet
-
The documentary about Taiwan's ecology was informative _____ incredibly moving for all viewers. A) and B) but C) or D) so
-
Would you prefer to have the business meeting in our Taipei office _____ arrange a video conference instead? A) and B) nor C) or D) yet
-
Xiaohui didn't respond to my messages on LINE, _____ did she answer my phone calls throughout the entire weekend. A) and B) nor C) but D) so
-
The hiking trail in Taroko National Park was marked as extremely difficult, _____ dozens of amateur hikers attempted it without proper preparation. A) and B) nor C) or D) yet
-
Xiaochen brought extra layers of clothing to Alishan, _____ the mountain temperature often drops dramatically after sunset. A) for B) and C) but D) so
-
Submit your tax documents to the accountant by this Friday, _____ you'll face penalties from the tax authority next month. A) and B) but C) or D) yet
詳細答案與解析:
-
B) but - 表達對比:想買但沒有足夠存款。兩個獨立子句之間形成矛盾關係。
-
C) or - 表達後果警告:否則經理會指派給別人。Or 在此表示「否則」的意思。
-
D) so - 表達結果:經過五年研究所以發表了發現。前面是原因,後面是結果。
-
B) nor - 否定並列:既不提供早餐也不提供接駁服務。注意 nor 後面要倒裝(does it offer)。
-
A) and - 並列兩個正面特徵:既有資訊性又很感人。
-
C) or - 表達選擇:在辦公室開會或視訊會議。提供兩個選項。
-
B) nor - 否定並列:既不回訊息也不接電話。注意倒裝結構(did she answer)。
-
D) yet - 強烈轉折:儘管困難但業餘登山客還是嘗試。Yet 比 but 語氣更強,表示意外或矛盾。
-
A) for - 表達原因:帶衣服是因為溫度會下降。For 較正式,用於書面語。
-
C) or - 表達後果警告:否則會面臨罰款。Or 在祈使句後表示「否則」。
2. 練習二:合併句子
請使用括號中指定的對等連接詞英文,將兩個句子合併成一個句子,特別注意標點符號的正確使用。
-
Xiaowei graduated from National Taiwan University with honors. She received multiple job offers from Fortune 500 companies. (and)
-
The restaurant can serve traditional Taiwanese cuisine. The restaurant can prepare Western-style dishes. (or)
-
Manager Chen felt extremely exhausted after the three-hour presentation. Manager Chen stayed late to answer all the clients' questions. (yet)
-
The company decided to expand operations to Southeast Asian markets. The company didn't have sufficient capital reserves. (but)
-
Xiaojuan studied diligently for three months. She passed the TOEIC exam with a score above 900. (so)
-
The weather forecast predicted heavy rainfall. The organizers decided to postpone the outdoor music festival. (so)
-
Study the vocabulary list carefully every morning. You won't remember all the words for the upcoming IELTS test. (or)
-
The coffee shop in Yongkang Street has excellent reviews online. The coffee shop always has long waiting lines during weekends. (and)
-
The research team didn't conduct proper data verification. The research team didn't follow standard academic protocols. (nor)
-
Professor Wang assigned challenging homework to the students. The assignments would help them prepare for the final examination. (for)
詳細答案與解析:
-
Xiaowei graduated from National Taiwan University with honors, and she received multiple job offers from Fortune 500 companies.(小薇以優異成績從台灣大學畢業,並收到多家財富 500 強公司的工作邀約。)→ 解析: 連接兩個獨立子句,逗號必須。And 表示添加關係。
-
The restaurant can serve traditional Taiwanese cuisine or prepare Western-style dishes.(這家餐廳可以提供傳統台灣料理或準備西式餐點。)→ 解析: 連接兩個動詞片語(serve...或 prepare...),省略第二個主詞 "the restaurant",不用逗號。
-
Manager Chen felt extremely exhausted after the three-hour presentation, yet he stayed late to answer all the clients' questions.(陳經理在三小時的簡報後感到極度疲憊,然而他還是留到很晚回答所有客戶的問題。)→ 解析: 連接兩個獨立子句,逗號必須。Yet 表示強烈轉折,emphasizing the contrast。
-
The company decided to expand operations to Southeast Asian markets, but it didn't have sufficient capital reserves.(公司決定將業務擴展到東南亞市場,但沒有足夠的資本儲備。)→ 解析: 連接兩個獨立子句,逗號必須。But 表示對比。
-
Xiaojuan studied diligently for three months, so she passed the TOEIC exam with a score above 900.(小娟認真學習了三個月,所以她以 900 分以上的成績通過了 TOEIC 考試。)→ 解析: 連接兩個獨立子句,逗號必須。So 表示結果。
-
The weather forecast predicted heavy rainfall, so the organizers decided to postpone the outdoor music festival.(天氣預報預測會有大雨,所以主辦方決定延後戶外音樂節。)→ 解析: 連接兩個獨立子句,逗號必須。So 表示基於預測的結果決定。
-
Study the vocabulary list carefully every morning, or you won't remember all the words for the upcoming IELTS test.(每天早上仔細學習詞彙表,否則你不會記住即將到來的 IELTS 測驗的所有單字。)→ 解析: 祈使句後接 or 表示警告,逗號必須。Or 在此表示「否則」。
-
The coffee shop in Yongkang Street has excellent reviews online, and it always has long waiting lines during weekends.(永康街的這家咖啡店在網路上有極佳的評價,而且週末總是大排長龍。)→ 解析: 連接兩個獨立子句,逗號必須。And 表示並列關係。
-
The research team didn't conduct proper data verification, nor did it follow standard academic protocols.(研究團隊沒有進行適當的數據驗證,也沒有遵循標準的學術規範。)→ 解析: 連接兩個獨立子句,逗號必須。Nor 後面必須倒裝(did it follow)。
-
Professor Wang assigned challenging homework to the students, for the assignments would help them prepare for the final examination.(王教授指派具挑戰性的作業給學生,因為這些作業能幫助他們準備期末考。)→ 解析: 連接兩個獨立子句,逗號必須。For 表示原因,較正式。
3. 練習三:進階填空題
根據句子的語意邏輯和上下文關係,在空格中填入最適合的對等連接詞英文(for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)。這個練習測試你對各個連接詞語意功能的深入理解。
-
Xiaoting didn't prepare adequately for the presentation, _____ she completely forgot to bring the important supporting documents to the conference room.
-
The National Palace Museum in Taipei houses one of the world's largest collections of Chinese art, _____ visitors from around the globe come to admire its treasures every year.
-
The startup company has never secured major funding from venture capital firms, _____ has it established partnerships with any established corporations in the industry.
-
Dr. Zhang is recognized as one of Taiwan's leading experts in artificial intelligence, _____ many tech companies seek his consultation for their AI projects.
-
You must submit your university application before the January deadline, _____ you won't be considered for admission to the fall semester program.
-
The documentary filmmaker spent five years traveling across Taiwan's indigenous communities _____ capturing their traditional customs before they disappear.
-
The hotel room was surprisingly spacious _____ affordable for travelers visiting during the peak Cherry Blossom season in Alishan.
-
Manager Liu has exceptional leadership skills _____ extensive industry experience that make him perfect for the director position.
-
Xiaohua could accept the high-paying job offer in Singapore, _____ she could stay in Taichung to be closer to her aging parents.
-
The typhoon warning system issued alerts 48 hours in advance, _____ several fishing boats still ventured out to sea despite the dangerous conditions.
詳細答案與深度解析:
-
and - 添加關係:沒準備而且忘記帶文件。兩個負面情況的累加。Xiaoting didn't prepare adequately for the presentation, and she completely forgot to bring the important supporting documents to the conference room.(小婷沒有充分準備簡報,而且完全忘記帶重要的支持文件到會議室。)
-
so - 因果關係:因為館藏豐富所以遊客來參觀。前面是原因,後面是結果。The National Palace Museum in Taipei houses one of the world's largest collections of Chinese art, so visitors from around the globe come to admire its treasures every year.(台北故宮博物院收藏世界上最大的中國藝術品之一,所以每年都有來自世界各地的遊客前來欣賞其珍藏。)
-
nor - 否定並列:既沒獲得資金也沒建立合作關係。注意必須倒裝(has it established)。The startup company has never secured major funding from venture capital firms, nor has it established partnerships with any established corporations in the industry.(這家新創公司從未獲得創投公司的重大資金,也沒有與業界任何成熟企業建立合作關係。)
-
so - 因果關係:因為是專家所以公司尋求他的諮詢。也可以用 and,但 so 更能強調因果邏輯。Dr. Zhang is recognized as one of Taiwan's leading experts in artificial intelligence, so many tech companies seek his consultation for their AI projects.(張博士被認為是台灣人工智慧領域的頂尖專家之一,所以許多科技公司尋求他對 AI 專案的諮詢。)
-
or - 警告後果:否則不會被考慮。Or 在祈使句或建議句後表示「否則」。You must submit your university application before the January deadline, or you won't be considered for admission to the fall semester program.(你必須在一月截止日前提交大學申請,否則你將不被考慮進入秋季學期課程。)
-
and - 時間順序:先旅行然後記錄。And 可以表達一連串的動作。也可以用分詞結構,但 and 使句子更平衡。The documentary filmmaker spent five years traveling across Taiwan's indigenous communities and capturing their traditional customs before they disappear.(這位紀錄片導演花了五年時間走訪台灣的原住民部落,記錄他們即將消失的傳統習俗。)
-
and - 並列兩個正面特徵:既寬敞又實惠。The hotel room was surprisingly spacious and affordable for travelers visiting during the peak Cherry Blossom season in Alishan.(對於在阿里山櫻花季旺季期間到訪的旅客來說,這間飯店房間出乎意料地寬敞而實惠。)
-
and - 並列兩個資格:領導能力和產業經驗。連接兩個名詞片語。Manager Liu has exceptional leadership skills and extensive industry experience that make him perfect for the director position.(劉經理擁有卓越的領導技能和豐富的產業經驗,使他成為總監職位的完美人選。)
-
or - 選擇關係:接受工作或留在台中。兩個選項之間做選擇。Xiaohua could accept the high-paying job offer in Singapore, or she could stay in Taichung to be closer to her aging parents.(小華可以接受新加坡的高薪工作機會,或者她可以留在台中陪伴年邁的父母。)
-
yet - 強烈轉折:儘管有警告但仍冒險出海。Yet 比 but 更能表達「沒想到」的驚訝感。The typhoon warning system issued alerts 48 hours in advance, yet several fishing boats still ventured out to sea despite the dangerous conditions.(颱風警報系統提前 48 小時發布警報,然而仍有數艘漁船不顧危險狀況冒險出海。)
結論
掌握對等連接詞英文是提升英文寫作和口語表達能力的關鍵一步。透過 FANBOYS 這個簡單的記憶口訣,你可以輕鬆記住七個核心對等連接詞及其用法:For(因為)表達原因、And(和)表達添加、Nor(也不)表達否定並列、But(但是)表達對比、Or(或者)表達選擇、Yet(然而)表達強烈轉折、So(所以)表達結果。
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你好!我叫黃秋賢。現在在網站 prepedu.com 的部落格擔任產品內容經理。
我有超過5年的英語、韓語等外語自學經驗,並準備過 IELTS、TOEIC、TOPIK 等考試,累積了豐富的實戰知識,也曾協助數千位在語言學習上遇到困難的人。希望以上的分享能幫助大家在家中更有效率地自學!
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