Bài đọc Henry Moore trong Cambridge IELTS 15 Test 3 Passage 1 giới thiệu về cuộc đời và sự nghiệp của nhà điêu khắc nổi tiếng người Anh Henry Moore. Nội dung tập trung làm rõ quá trình hình thành phong cách nghệ thuật độc đáo của ông, những ảnh hưởng từ thiên nhiên, trải nghiệm cá nhân, cũng như vai trò của Moore trong việc đưa nghệ thuật điêu khắc hiện đại đến gần hơn với công chúng. Đây là dạng bài đọc điển hình thuộc chủ đề nghệ thuật – nghệ sĩ, vừa kiểm tra kỹ năng đọc hiểu chi tiết, vừa yêu cầu thí sinh nắm bắt được ý chính của từng đoạn văn. Cùng Prep phân tích lại đề bài và tham khảo lời giải chi tiết trong bài viết sau nhé!

I. Đề bài Cam 15 test 3 reading passage 1 Henry Moore
II. Đáp án bài đọc Cam 15 test 3 reading passage 1 Henry Moore
III. Giải thích đáp án chi tiết
IV. Từ vựng hay trong bài cần ghi nhớ

I. Đề bài Cam 15 test 3 reading passage 1 Henry Moore

Reading Henry Moore IELTS

The British sculptor Henry Moore was a leading figure in the 20th-century art world

Henry Moore was born in Castleford, a small town near Leeds in the north of England. He was the seventh child of Raymond Moore and his wife Mary Baker. He studied at Castleford Grammar School from 1909 to 1915, where his early interest in art was encouraged by his teacher Alice Gostick. After leaving school, Moore hoped to become a sculptor, but instead he complied with his father’s wish that he train as a schoolteacher. He had to abandon his training in 1917 when he was sent to France to fight in the First World War.

After the war, Moore enrolled at the Leeds School of Art, where he studied for two years. In his first year, he spent most of his time drawing. Although he wanted to study sculpture, no teacher was appointed until his second year. At the end of that year, he passed the sculpture examination and was awarded a scholarship to the Royal College of Art in London. In September 1921, he moved to London and began three years of advanced study in sculpture.

Alongside the instruction he received at the Royal College, Moore visited many of the London museums, particularly the British Museum, which had a wide-ranging collection of ancient sculpture. During these visits, he discovered the power and beauty of ancient Egyptian and African sculpture. As he became increasingly interested in these ‘primitive’ forms of art, he turned away from European sculptural traditions.

After graduating, Moore spent the first six months of 1925 travelling in France. When he visited the Trocadero Museum in Paris, he was impressed by a cast of a Mayan sculpture of the rain spirit. It was a male reclining figure with its knees drawn up together, and its head at a right angle to its body. Moore became fascinated with this stone sculpture, which he thought had a power and originality that no other stone sculpture possessed. He himself started carving a variety of subjects in stone, including depictions of reclining women, mother-and-child groups, and masks.

Moore’s exceptional talent soon gained recognition, and in 1926 he started work as a sculpture instructor at the Royal College. In 1933, he became a member of a group of young artists called Unit One. The aim of the group was to convince the English public of the merits of the emerging international movement in modern art and architecture.

Around this time, Moore moved away from the human figure to experiment with abstract shapes. In 1931, he held an exhibition at the Leicester Galleries in London. His work was enthusiastically welcomed by fellow sculptors, but the reviews in the press were extremely negative and turned Moore into a notorious figure. There were calls for his resignation from the Royal College, and the following year, when his contract expired, he left to start a sculpture department at the Chelsea School of Art in London.

Throughout the 1930s, Moore did not show any inclination to please the British public. He became interested in the paintings of the Spanish artist Pablo Picasso, whose work inspired him to distort the human body in a radical way. At times, he seemed to abandon the human figure altogether. The pages of his sketchbooks from this period show his ideas for abstract sculptures that bore little resemblance to the human form.

In 1940, during the Second World War, Moore stopped teaching at the Chelsea School and moved to a farmhouse about 20 miles north of London. A shortage of materials forced him to focus on drawing. He did numerous small sketches of Londoners, later turning these ideas into large coloured drawings in his studio. In 1942, he returned to Castleford to make a series of sketches of the miners who worked there.

In 1944, Harlow, a town near London, offered Moore a commission for a sculpture depicting a family. The resulting work signifies a dramatic change in Moore's style, away from the experimentation of the 1930s towards a more natural and humanistic subject matter. He did dozens of studies in clay for the sculpture, and these were cast in bronze and issued in editions of seven to nine copies each. In this way, Moore's work became available to collectors all over the world. The boost to his income enabled him to take on ambitious projects and start working on the scale he felt his sculpture demanded.

Critics who had begun to think that Moore had become less revolutionary were proven wrong by the appearance, in 1950, of the first of Moore's series of standing figures in bronze, with their harsh and angular pierced forms and distinct impression of menace. Moore also varied his subject matter in the 1950s with such works as Warrior with Shield and Falling Warrior. These were rare examples of Moore's use of the male figure and owe something to his visit to Greece in 1951, when he had the opportunity to study ancient works of art.

In his final years, Moore created the Henry Moore Foundation to promote art appreciation and to display his work. Moore was the first modern English sculptor to achieve international critical acclaim and he is still regarded as one of the most important sculptors of the 20th century.

Questions 1-7

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

In boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1 On leaving school, Moore did what his father wanted him to do.
2 Moore began studying sculpture in his first term at the Leeds School of Art.
3 When Moore started at the Royal College of Art, its reputation for teaching sculpture was excellent.
4 Moore became aware of ancient sculpture as a result of visiting London museums.
5 The Trocadero Museum's Mayan sculpture attracted a lot of public interest.
6 Moore thought the Mayan sculpture was similar in certain respects to other stone sculptures.
7 The artists who belonged to Unit One wanted to make modern art and architecture more popular.

Questions 8-13

Complete the notes below.

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.

Moore's career as an artist

1930s

Moore's exhibition at the Leicester Galleries is criticised by the press
Moore is urged to offer his 8 _____________________ and leave the Royal College

1940s

Moore turns to drawing because 9 _____________________ for sculpting are not readily available
While visiting his hometown, Moore does some drawings of 10 _____________________
Moore is employed to produce a sculpture of a 11 _____________________
12 _____________________ start to buy Moore's work
Moore's increased 13 _____________________ makes it possible for him to do more ambitious sculptures

1950s

Moore's series of bronze figures marks a further change in his style

Đề bài bài đọc Cambridge IELTS Passage 1 Henry Moore

II. Đáp án bài đọc Cam 15 test 3 reading passage 1 Henry Moore

TRUE
FALSE
NOT GIVEN
TRUE
NOT GIVEN
FALSE
TRUE
resignation
materials
miners
family
collectors
income

III. Giải thích đáp án chi tiết

Câu 1. On leaving school, Moore did what his father wanted him to do. → ĐÚNG (TRUE)
Đoạn 1 nói Moore muốn trở thành nhà điêu khắc, nhưng “he complied with his father’s wish that he train as a schoolteacher”.

Câu 2. Moore began studying sculpture in his first term at the Leeds School of Art. → SAI (FALSE)
Ban đầu ông chỉ học vẽ vì chưa có giáo viên điêu khắc. Đến năm hai mới bắt đầu học điêu khắc.

Câu 3. When Moore started at the Royal College of Art, its reputation for teaching sculpture was excellent. → KHÔNG CÓ THÔNG TIN (NOT GIVEN)
Bài chỉ nói ông nhận học bổng và theo học 3 năm nâng cao, không đề cập đến “reputation”.

Câu 4. Moore became aware of ancient sculpture as a result of visiting London museums. → ĐÚNG (TRUE)
Đoạn 3: ông thường xuyên đến bảo tàng, đặc biệt là British Museum, nơi trưng bày điêu khắc Ai Cập, châu Phi → từ đó bị ảnh hưởng.

Câu 5. The Trocadero Museum's Mayan sculpture attracted a lot of public interest. → KHÔNG CÓ THÔNG TIN (NOT GIVEN)
Bài chỉ nói Moore bị ấn tượng, chứ không nhắc tới “public interest”.

Câu 6. Moore thought the Mayan sculpture was similar in certain respects to other stone sculptures. → SAI (FALSE)
Ngược lại, ông cho rằng nó có “a power and originality that no other stone sculpture possessed”.

Câu 7. The artists who belonged to Unit One wanted to make modern art and architecture more popular. → ĐÚNG (TRUE)
Đoạn 5: “The aim of the group was to convince the English public of the merits of modern art and architecture.”

Câu 8. Moore is urged to offer his … and leave the Royal College. → resignation
Báo chí phản ứng dữ dội, kêu gọi ông từ chức.

Câu 9. Moore turns to drawing because … for sculpting are not readily available. → materials
Trong Thế chiến II, thiếu vật liệu nên ông chuyển sang vẽ.

Câu 10. While visiting his hometown, Moore does some drawings of … → miners
Ông trở về Castleford và vẽ thợ mỏ.

Câu 11. Moore is employed to produce a sculpture of a … → family
Harlow town đặt hàng tác phẩm về gia đình.

Câu 12. … start to buy Moore’s work. → collectors
Các nhà sưu tầm mua tác phẩm đúc bằng đồng của ông.

Câu 13. Moore’s increased … makes it possible for him to do more ambitious sculptures. → income
Nhờ thu nhập tăng, ông thực hiện dự án quy mô lớn hơn.

Xem thêm: Đề bài và đáp án chi tiết bài Reading Cambridge IELTS 15 test 2 passage 3 Having a laugh

IV. Từ vựng hay trong bài cần ghi nhớ

Take note lại các từ vựng hay trong bài:

Từ vựng	Dịch nghĩa	Ví dụ
comply with /kəmˈplaɪ wɪð/ (v.)	tuân theo, làm theo	He complied with his father’s wish to become a teacher. (Anh ấy làm theo mong muốn của cha để trở thành giáo viên.)
scholarship /ˈskɒləʃɪp/ (n.)	học bổng	She received a scholarship to study at the Royal College of Art. (Cô ấy nhận học bổng để học tại Royal College of Art.)
primitive art /ˈprɪmətɪv ɑːt/ (n.)	nghệ thuật nguyên thủy	Moore was inspired by primitive art from Africa and Egypt. (Moore được truyền cảm hứng từ nghệ thuật nguyên thủy châu Phi và Ai Cập.)
reclining figure /rɪˈklaɪnɪŋ ˈfɪɡjər/ (n.)	hình tượng nằm ngả	He carved several reclining figures in stone. (Ông chạm khắc nhiều bức tượng nằm ngả bằng đá.)
depiction /dɪˈpɪkʃən/ (n.)	sự miêu tả, khắc họa	The sculpture is a depiction of a mother and child. (Bức điêu khắc khắc họa hình ảnh mẹ và con.)
recognition /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃən/ (n.)	sự công nhận	His talent soon gained recognition from critics. (Tài năng của ông nhanh chóng được công nhận bởi giới phê bình.)
resignation /ˌrezɪɡˈneɪʃən/ (n.)	sự từ chức	The press called for his resignation from the Royal College. (Báo chí kêu gọi ông từ chức tại Royal College.)
sketch /sketʃ/ (n./v.)	phác thảo, vẽ phác	He made sketches of miners in his hometown. (Ông vẽ phác họa thợ mỏ ở quê hương.)
commission /kəˈmɪʃən/ (n.)	đơn đặt hàng nghệ thuật	He received a commission to create a family sculpture. (Ông nhận đơn đặt hàng điêu khắc về gia đình.)
bronze /brɒnz/ (n.)	đồng (chất liệu điêu khắc)	The sculpture was cast in bronze. (Bức tượng được đúc bằng đồng.)
critical acclaim /ˈkrɪtɪkəl əˈkleɪm/ (n.)	sự ca ngợi của giới phê bình	The artist won international critical acclaim. (Người nghệ sĩ nhận được sự ca ngợi quốc tế.)
foundation /faʊnˈdeɪʃən/ (n.)	quỹ, tổ chức	He established the Henry Moore Foundation. (Ông thành lập Quỹ Henry Moore.)

Một số từ vựng hay trong bài bạn nên take note

Trên đây là đề bài và đáp án bài đọc Cambridge IELTS 15 test 3 reading passage 1 Henry Moore. Hy vọng tài liệu trên sẽ giúp bạn nâng cao kỹ năng đọc và chinh phục band điểm IELTS như mong đợi.

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